In 2019, the Wilayatul Hisbah (religious police) intensified raids. Women caught without a jilbab in public were caned publicly. However, the issue is racialized and classist. Non-Muslim tourists and wealthy Chinese-Indonesian visitors are given "exceptions" with a smile and a warning, while local Acehnese poor women are caned for the same offense.

Critics within the Islamic community argue that the commercialization of the jilbab by fashion brands has stripped the garment of its original purpose (humility and anti-materialism), turning it into a status symbol for luxury and consumerism. 14. Performance Piety ( Pencitraan )

The perception and use of the jilbab have shifted significantly over the last four decades:

Over the past two decades, hundreds of local governments have introduced regulations requiring female students—and sometimes non-Muslim students—to wear the jilbab in public schools. This has sparked fierce national debates about religious freedom and state-enforced piety. 3. Workplace Discrimination (Both Ways)

The issue has divided families: Some parents forbid daughters from wearing Jilbab 19 because they consider it “more sexy than sexy.”

Grassroots feminist groups and progressive Islamic scholars are actively campaigning to decoupling a woman's morality from her wardrobe.

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